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Saint Catherine’s Monastery is located on the slopes of Mount Sinai. It is considered one of the oldest monasteries in the whole world. This monastery was added to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2002.

The names of Saint Catherine’s Monastery It is famous with Saint Catherine’s Monastery, but its original name is Sacred Monastery of the God Trodden, this monastery gets its name from the Saint Catherine of Alexandria, who martyred in the early 4th century AD. They found her corpse on nearby Mount Saint Catherine, as it is said the angels transferred her body to this place.

The history of Saint Catherine’s Monastery

The Byzantine Emperor Justinian I commanded to construct this monastery in 527 AD for housing the monks of the Sinai Peninsula.

The buildings of the MonasteryThe monastery includes many buildings as:
• The Church of the Transfiguration of Christ the Savior, This church houses other nine smaller churches. One of these nine churches is the Burning BushChurch,where the god spoke to the prophet Moses.

The Scripture mentioned that the god ordered the prophet Moses to lead the Israelites out of Egypt by speaking to him from this bush. The fire was set into this bush, although that it was unaffected by the fire.

Empress Helena, the mother of Constantine the Great, the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity, established a church on the site of the Burning Bush in the 4th century AD. Emperor Justinian I rebuilt this small church and included it within the Church of the Transfiguration of Christ the Savior, the larger church.

• The monks’ rooms.
• The refectory.
• The olive press.
• Ossuaries.
• The Fatimid Mosque dating back to the 12th century AD in 500 AH / 1106 AD during the reign of the Fatimid Caliph al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah. This mosque was the fruit of the harmonious relationship between Muslims and Christians. This mosque became a stop for pilgrims on their way to Mecca.

• The library of Saint Catherine’s Monastery houses rare books and 6,000 manuscripts, so it is considered one of the most important libraries attached to the monastery. The project of restoring the library in 2017 detected many manuscripts, among them a Greek medical manuscript dating back to the fifth century.

Farafra Oasis is one of the most fabulous Egyptian oases in the western desert, as Egypt contains six oases El Fayoum Oasis, Bahariya Oasis, Farafra Oasis, Kharga Oasis, Dakhla Oasis, and Siwa Oasis.

Farafra is located on the southern road between Cairo and Bahariya. Farafra Oasis is affiliated to the Al-Wadi Al-Gadid governorate in Southern Egypt, the largest governorate in Egypt in terms of space.

The history of Farafra Oasis As other Egyptian oases, Farafra Oasis was an important stop point on the trading route between the Western Desert and the Nile Valley.

Farafra Oasis had a great position during the ancient Egyptian civilization, especially during the reign of the 10th dynasty, as it was named (Ana Akhet), meaning the land of the cow referring to the goddess Hathour.

During the Roman period, Farafra and other oases were famous for growing grains.

During the Coptic period, the Egyptian Copts escaped to Farafra and other oases due to Roman persecution.

This oasis is considered partly isolated what explains why its community still committing to its old traditions and customs. It is famous for growing dates, olives, and apricots.

The attractions in Farafra OasisFarafra is the start point for tours desert safari in the western desert to visit the white desert, the black desert, and the Crystal Mountains.

• The Qaser Al Farafra or the Farafra Palace is a roman monument.
• Qaser Abu Monqar is a roman attraction.
• Farafra Oasis houses other roman attractions as some rock-cut tombs and ruins of a Roman Temple.
• The White Desert is divided into two deserts: the old white desert, where the Mushrooms and tents area, and the new white desert with its limestone formations. In ancient times, this desert was covered with the sea leading to its rocks contain some seashells. It is located on the road between Bahariya and Farafra.

• The Black Desert contains mountains formed from black stones and rocks created due to volcanoes.

• Badr’s Museum: it is a mud-brick house owned by Badr Abdel Moghny, who is a local artist. It displays the customs and traditions of the Farafra community.

• Farafra distinguishes with its geographical location and geological formation, so it contains natural water wells using in therapeutic tourism as it has sulfurous wells for treating some respiratory diseases.

Bahariya Oasis is one of the most fabulous Egyptian oases in the western desert, as Egypt contains six oases El Fayoum Oasis, Farafra Oasis, Farafra Oasis, Kharga Oasis, Dakhla Oasis, and Siwa Oasis. It is affiliated with Giza Governorate.

The history of Bahariya Oasis Like other Egyptian oases, Bahariya Oasis was an important stop point on the trading route between the Western Desert and the Nile Valley.

Bahariya Oasis are two Arabic words meaning the northern oasis in English. This oasis played an important role during the ancient Egyptian civilization as it was known with two names (Djesdjes) and (wḥꜣt mḥtt).

Its importance increased during the Greco-Roman period as it was used as a trading route and began producing a lot of goods such as cereals, dates, olive oils, and wine.

The main economic sectors of this society are iron ore mining, tourism, and agriculture as they are growing guavas, mangos, dates, and olives.

The attractions in Bahariya Oasis Bahariya Oasis is surrounded by mountains and has numerous springs. It is considered as the start point for many safari trips into the western desert as it is the closest oasis to Cairo, as well provides immediate access to the White Desert, Black Desert, and the Crystal Mountain.

• El Bawiti is the largest and the administrative center in Bahariya.
• El Hayz: In El Hayz, the golden mummies have been discovered. It is a necropolis housing nearly 10,000 mummies dating back to the Greco-Roman period.
• Bir Al-Ghaba: it is a hot spring worth visiting in this oasis.
• Bawiti Museum: it is an Ethnographic museum displaying the customs and traditions community of Bahariya Oasis. It was built by Mohamed Eid, one of the oasis’s local artists.
• The White Desert is divided into two deserts: the old white desert, where the Mushrooms and tents area, and the new white desert with its limestone formations. In ancient times, this desert was covered with the sea leading to its rocks contain some seashells. It is located on the road between Bahariya and Farafra.

• The Black Desert contains mountains formed from black stones and rocks created due to volcanoes.

Petra city is one of the largest historic and archaeological sites in the world. It is situated between the Red Sea and the Dead Sea in the south of Jordan.

It is also known as the red rose city, due to most of its buildings were established by using red stones. This city is considered a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985, as UNESCO described Petra city as one of the most precious cultural properties of man’s cultural heritage.

Petra is the Greek name of this city which means the rock or the rocky site, but its original name is Raqmu.

The history of PetraThe great history of this city began at the beginning of the 4th century BC with the Nabataeans as they took it as a capital for their kingdom. They controlled a huge tract of the Middle East from the Levant to the northern Arabian Peninsula.

It is thought that the Nabataeans were nomadic Arabs who exploited the strategic location of this city as it is located close to trade routes. They had skills in harvesting rainwater, agriculture, and stone carving.

Later, the Nabataean kingdom was occupied by the Romans during the first century BC. After that, the trade of the Nabataeans began to wane.

The tourist destinations in Petra Petra is famous for its rock-cut buildings, as it is half-built, half-carved into the rock, as well water conduit system. The buildings of Petra vary between the Nabataean and Greco-Roman architectural styles.

Al-Khazneh (the Treasury) The most famous building in this city is Al-Khazneh structure. Al-Khazneh is an Arabic word meaning treasury. It is believed that Al-Khazneh is dedicated to being the mausoleum of Nabataean king Aretas IV.

Al-Khazneh is considered one of the New Seven Wonders of the World since 2007. You can reach Al-Khazneh through a gorge called the Siq.

Egypt Vacation Tours team allows visiting this red rose city from different cities in Egypt as Taba, Dahab, and Sharm El Sheikh.